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APA-IL
News BLAST! Edition 99 Paula Freeze, Editor |
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The Last Four Miles: Completing
Chicago's Lakefront
2009 APA-IL Award Winner, Daniel Burnham Award for a Comprehensive
Plan
by Joanne Bauer, BauerLatoza
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Chicago’s shoreline, stretching from Evanston on the north to the
Indiana border on the south, comprises 30 miles of lakefront. Since
the City’s incorporation in the 1830’s, 26 of the 30 miles of
Chicago’s lakefront have been developed as a public lakefront park
system, unrivaled around the world for its beauty and accessibility.
Today, two stretches of Chicago’s lakefront totaling approximately
four miles are not part of Chicago’s public lakefront park system.
This consists of two miles along the south lakeshore and portions on
the north lakefront where there are gaps between the small parks and
beaches with no continuous lakefront path.
Click
here to see the existing shoreline conditions on the South Side.
Click
here to see the existing shoreline conditions on the North Side.
Friends of the Parks (FOTP), motivated by the
Burnham Plan
Centennial, selected a team of planners, architects and landscape
architects (Design Team) to develop a plan for the completion of the
lakefront parks – The Last Four Miles. The Design Team includes Joanne
Bauer and Julia Burns with
BauerLatoza Studio, Peter Kindel and
Kareeshma Ali with
Topografis, John Buenz with Solomon Cordwell Benz,
and Tom Greene with
Greene and Proppe Design. The Team began working
in 2006 with citizens, park advisory councils, community groups,
public officials, and government representatives to envision this
plan.
Preliminary design concepts were developed to complete the south
lakefront parks between 71st and 95th Streets, and to complete the
north lakefront parks between Hollywood Avenue and the Evanston
border.
SOUTH LAKEFRONT PLANNING
In 2006, FOTP sponsored a community design charrette at Calumet
Park. A group of architects and planners worked with citizens, park
advisory councils, and community organizations to develop planning
principals and goals and a vision for new parkland and greenways in
the south lakefront currently without parks. These areas include:
- Gap between the South Shore Cultural Center (71st) and Rainbow
Beach (75th)
- Former US Steel plant site (79th & 92nd )
- Iroquois Landing (92nd to 95th, north of Calumet Park)
The results of this community-based planning effort resulted in a
concept plan for completion of the lakefront parks from 71st Street to
the Indiana Boundary with connections to neighborhoods and bike trails
in south Chicago and the Calumet area.

Southern
Reach: New parkland and beaches at the southern reach from 71st
St. to Chicago/Indiana border (click image for larger version)
The south lakefront design concept plan includes over 400 acres of
new parkland, with new beaches, recreational fields, greenways, and
natural areas. Specifically the plan includes the following design
features:
South Lakefront One -
Iroquois Landing (92nd to 95th, north of
Calumet Park):
Iroquois Landing, along with the adjacent Confined Disposal Area, is 140 acres of
publicly owned land. The
plan recommends that this land be converted to public parkland and
connect the existing Calumet Park to the south with the newly created
parkland at the former US Steel site to the north. The area would
provide additional active and passive parkland as an expansion to the
over-utilized Calumet Park.
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South Lakefront Two -
Former US Steel plant site (79th & 92nd): The
concept design creates an additional 139 acres of parkland at this
area that includes 2 new beaches, a new lagoon and peninsula, and a
pedestrian bridge crossing at the existing historic US Steel slip.
Additional greenspace is planned along the north side of the Calumet
River and on all sides of the existing slip. Proposed pedestrian
crossings over the Calumet River include one that utilizes an existing
railroad bridge structure and another at the mouth of the Calumet. The
peninsula/lagoon area provides opportunities for animal and plant
habitats and numerous recreation activities. |
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Former U.S. Steel Site Perspective:
New natural areas, wildlife sanctuaries and lagoons for
kayaking at former U.S. Steel Site. |
South Lakefront Three -
Gap between the
South Shore Cultural Center
(71st) and
Rainbow Beach (75th): Two designs were created for this
area which is immediately adjacent to existing single-family and
high-rise-condominium buildings. The base design includes 23 acres of
new parkland to connect the South Shore Cultural Center Park and
Rainbow Beach Park. This park area provides a continuous lakefront
path and a new public beach surrounded by active and passive greenspace. The 40 acre alternate concept adds a lagoon created by two
peninsulas connected by a pedestrian bridge. The lagoon area is ideal
for recreational activities and provides animal and plant habitat.
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Alternate Detail Plan: 71st. St to 75th St.: An
alternate plan to connect the South Shore Cultural Center Park and
Rainbow Beach Park would create two peninsulas, connected by a
pedestrian bridge for the lakefront trail. |
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NORTH LAKEFRONT PLANNING
For the north lakefront, the Design Team held visioning sessions
and design charrettes in Chicago's Edgewater and Rogers Park community areas in 2008.

Northern Reach: New parkland and beaches at the northern reach
from Hollywood Ave. to Chicago/Evanston border (click image for larger
version)
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North Lakefront One –
Edgewater (Ardmore Avenue to Farwell Avenue):
Located on the edge of Lake Michigan, between Hollywood and Devon
Avenues, the Edgewater community area is one of the most “park poor”
communities in the City,
(defined by the
CitySpace Plan as less than two acres of parkland per |
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thousand persons). There is a
need for more open space and parks, and access to the Lake. The Last
Four Miles offers an opportunity to create 53 acres of additional
parkland, including the expansion of
Berger Park, 3 additional
beaches, and a continuation of the lakefront path from Hollywood to
Loyola Beach Park. An alternate concept provides a lagoon and
peninsula option between
Lane Beach and Berger Park adding 82 acres of
park with additional habitat and recreational opportunities.
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Alternate Detail Plan: Hollywood Ave. to Pratt Blvd.: An
alternate Edgewater proposal creates two peninsulas enclosing a
new lagoon, with a pedestrian bridge for the lakefront path. |
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Rogers Park Perspective: New ecologically sustainable parkland connecting
the small parks and beaches in the Rogers Park neighborhood.
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North Lakefront Two -
Rogers Park (Touhy Avenue to Juneway
Terrace): Rogers Park extends further north than any other point in
the City. The Rogers Park community area is also “park poor”, (less than two acres of
park per thousand persons). In addition to
Loyola Park, the Rogers Park
lakefront has been historically developed with street-end beaches and
small parks. However, there are gaps between these beaches and parks
which prevent people from walking or biking along the entire
lakefront. The concept envisions a continuous lakefront park/beach
including a lakefront path with the retention, and, in some cases, the
enlargement of street-end beaches adding from 17 to 29 acres of park.
The plan envisions up to five expanded street-end beaches with passive
recreational areas and native landscaping. |
PRINCIPLES AND GOALS
The Last Four Miles Design Team worked with the community to
develop the following set of planning principles and goals to guide
The Last Four Miles initiative:
- The public will have access along the Lake Michigan shoreline
from Evanston to Indiana.
- More parkland and beaches will be created.
- A continuous lakefront path for walking and biking will be
developed along Chicago's entire 30-mile length of shoreline.
- Greenway corridors will link to the lakefront parks.
- The development of sustainable new parkland will help improve
the Lake Michigan coastal ecosystem, including the creation of aquatic
and wildlife habitat.
- The new park construction will be sensitive to the preservation
of local cultural history.
- The plans will be the result of a community-based planning
effort.
- Planning for new lakefront parkland will consider previous and
current open-space and greenway planning efforts.
IMPLEMENTATION
As part of the planning process the team developed an
implementation plan described within the planning document called
Making it Happen. The plan was released to the public on June 9th,
2009. During the planning process there was coordination and
communication with various City of Chicago agencies and the Chicago
Park District. The vision for implementation is outlined in five
phases:
- Phase I: Claim the beaches
- Phase II: Iroquois landing
- Phase III: Create new parks and beaches on the eastern edge of
the former US Steel site
- Phase IV: Complete the parkland link between the South Shore
Cultural Center and Rainbow Beach Park
- Phase V: Create continuous parkland from Ardmore Avenue to the
Evanston border
(Editor's Note: the
Chicago Tribune
reported on Nov. 4th "Rep. Marlow Colvin, D-Chicago,
and Illinois Senate President John Cullerton, D-Chicago,
will introduce legislation in February to transfer about 100 acres of
lakefront property from the Illinois International Port District to
the Chicago Park District." If this legislation passes, it will be a
major milestone for the south lakefront.)
-- view
Friends of the Parks "The Last Four Miles" website which includes
history, brochures on the plan, renderings, and videos.
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Joanne Bauer, Senior Principal, LEED® AP
BauerLatoza Studio
2241 S. Wabash Avenue
Chicago, Illinois 60616
Phone: (312)567-1000 x23
Fax: (312)567-9690
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ILAPA News BLAST!
Illinois Planning News
Official Bi-Monthly Newsletter of the Illinois Chapter of the American
Planning Association
http://www.ilapa.org
Paula Freeze, Editor
editor@ilapa.org
THE ILAPA NEWS BLAST!
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THE ILLINOIS CHAPTER OF THE AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION. OPINIONS
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