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Reproduced
courtesy of the Florida Chapter of the American Planning Association
This summer I spent 4 weeks in South Africa working on a planning
studio with students from an American university outside of Florida.
Our team was asked to provide guidance on how to house 400 individuals
currently living in informal settlements within McGregor, a small town
about 2 hours west of Cape Town. Although our team spent countless
hours interviewing politicians, business owners and residents whose
interest and insight into the housing problem would assist in shaping
our final report, I felt that our team hadn’t really understood the
problem and all of the intricacies involved in planning for a small
town in a developing country. It wasn’t until my return flight home
that I realized what we all missed.
On the flight to Tampa I sat next to an executive
from a major engineering firm. We began talking about my interests,
future goals and his professional work and lessons he has learned over
the past 13 years. He then told me about his 11-introduction rule.
Several years ago he was in a meeting with the President of China and
the CEO of the company he works for. He and the CEO were trying to
build a new factory in China and after laying out the plan for
expansion the Chinese President said very slowly in English, “You both
need to remember that you are in Beijing not Boston.” After further
explanation my airplane neighbor explained that we as Americans have a
tendency to go into neighborhoods and communities with grand plans
without understanding for whom we are planning or to what extent we
may disrupt the current environment. In urban planning this is
especially important because the decisions that we make should be in
the interest of the public good. Projects that are in the public good
of one community may not be as beneficial to another community in the
same city, state, or country. So how do we resolve this issue? The
11-introduction rule.
This is how the rule works. As we all know, planning
is a process which involves countless stakeholders. Typically the
stakeholders are groups that appoint one individual to represent the
interests of the entire group. But with the 11-introduction rule you
are encouraged to meet the people behind the representatives.
Introducing yourself to 11 residents, children, service workers,
whomever; will give you a greater advantage in satisfying public good
over the planner who uses the word of one representative as law.
This rule applies to students as well. I’ve said it
before and I’ll say it again, Florida’s planning programs and the
teachers guiding us through them are among the best in the country.
But in addition to applying what we are learning in the classroom we
need to speak with (at least) 11 planners around the state to fully
understand the situations they encounter. The range of problems and
solutions will enable students to understand how planning
professionals within the 22nd largest state with the 4th largest
population, 663 miles of beaches, more than 11,000 miles of rivers,
streams and waterways, approximately 4,500 islands greater than 10
acres1, and 9,632,840 acres of non-submerged conservation lands2
manage the provision of services and infrastructure while dealing with
growth at rates faster than any other state in the country.
I challenge each planner, politician and student that reads this
article to begin applying the 11-introduction rule because you never
know what you will learn from others. Unsure where to begin? May I
suggest starting at your state conference. The English writer Douglas Adams once said, “Human beings,
who are almost unique in having the ability to learn from the
experience of others, are also remarkable for their apparent
disinclination to do so.”
1 State of Florida.com – Florida Quick Facts.
Retrieved July 11, 2007 from
http://www.stateofflorida.com/Portal/DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=95.
2 Summary of Florida Conservation Lands, prepared by
the Florida Natural Areas Inventory. Retrieved July 11, 2007 from
http://www.fnai.org/PDF/maacres_200703_fcl.pdf.
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